近地卫星严格回归轨道保持控制

研究了近地卫星基于严格回归参考轨道的轨道保持控制方法：将卫星编队理论引入单星绝对轨道保持控制,提出了"虚拟卫星编队"的概念,分析了卫星轨道相对于参考空间轨迹在轨道摄动情况下的偏离状态及变化趋势,然后根据卫星编队相对运动学,推导出了偏离状态与虚拟卫星编队构形参数之间的对应关系,并设计了以轨道参数超调、偏置及阈值触发为特征的管道保持控制策略。数值仿真结果表明,使用该控制策略能够将卫星轨道保持在以空间参考轨迹为中心的轨道管道内,并且有效减少了因周期性轨道摄动波动造成的管道保持控制量和控制频次。研究成果对于有空间轨迹回归要求的卫星轨道保持控制具有指导意义。     

惯性参数对飞翼体自由度颤振特性的影响规律研究

飞翼飞行器刚体短周期模态频率较高,易与一阶弹性弯曲模态耦合发生一种特殊的颤振——体自由度颤振。采用风洞实验与频域计算相结合的手段,开展了惯性参数(俯仰转动惯量、质心位置)对飞翼飞行器体自由度颤振特性(颤振速度和颤振频率)的影响规律研究。实验和计算结果表明:俯仰惯量和质心位置会明显改变体自由度颤振频率与速度,颤振实验与计算结果一致性较好。俯仰惯量增加,颤振频率降低,沉浮约束时颤振速度基本不变,沉浮自由时颤振速度增大;质心位置前移,俯仰模态频率与阻尼同时增加,俯仰与一阶弹性弯曲模态耦合更容易,但发散模态分支的阻尼也更大,导致颤振速度先降低后增大,颤振频率单调增加。     

飞翼布局飞行器等离子体激励滚转操控试验

飞翼布局飞行器采用多个气动舵面共同作用来控制飞行,常规气动舵面的结构复杂,在大迎角时由于流动分离,舵面操纵效率显著降低。等离子体激励器具有结构简单、重量轻和响应快等优势,常被用在流动控制上。本文利用激励器抑制单侧翼面流动分离产生不对称的气动力,对飞翼布局飞行器滚转通道的控制进行了试验研究,得出了激励器在飞行器上的最优布置位置和最佳控制参数,并和常规副翼舵面滚转操控效果进行了对比。结果表明:布置于内翼、中翼前缘的等离子体激励器能够获得最佳的滚转控制效果;激励器调制频率对飞行器滚转控制效果的影响较大,而激励电压对滚转控制效果的影响较小;与常规副翼相比,等离子体激励器在大迎角时对滚转通道的操控效果优于副翼。     

三角形机翼参数化有限元网格划分与调整方法

为缩短有限元建模周期,提高三角形机翼结构分析、设计与优化的效率疲,首先,以其满足预定气动性能的几何外形为输入,定义了易用的有限元节点与单元的编号规则;基于可设计的机翼内部构型参数及可变的有限元尺寸参数的设置,引入了翼肋贯穿截止准则以满足任意输入的内部构型的初步判断;借助自定义形状矩阵完成了节点布置与单元生成,进一步通过有限元网格细化完成了开口设置、翼肋贯穿位置修正及桁条建模.然后,基于已建立的有限元网格实现了内外侧副翼翼肋位置的小幅调整及旋转舵面的角度调整,以满足不同飞行状态下结构分析需求.最后,应用PCL语言开发了参数化建模模块,实例表明了方法的有效性和模块可靠性.      

船身式水上飞机中高速静水滑行阻力估算

根据水上飞机起飞滑行阶段特殊的多介质环境,参考滑行艇水面滑行阶段的阻力特性分析方法,提出一种考虑气动布局影响的估算船身式水上飞机中高速静水滑行阻力的半理论半经验公式;用此公式计算得到某船身式水上飞机中高速滑行阶段的水动阻力及俯仰角随体积弗劳德数变化曲线,并分析水动阻力及俯仰角变化的原因;根据得到的水动阻力及俯仰角,计算某船身式水上飞机起飞滑跑距离,计算结果与试验结果一致,间接验证了所提出阻力计算公式的有效性,同时也为计算船身式水上飞机起飞滑跑距离提供一种思路.      

Discrete time multiple spacecraft formation flying attitude optimal control in presence of relative state constraints

This paper addresses the challenge of synchronized multiple spacecraft attitude reorientation in presence of pointing and boundary constraints with limited inter-spacecraft communication link. Relative attitude pointing constraint among the fleet of spacecraft has also been modeled and considered during the attitude maneuvers toward the desired states. Formation fling control structure that consists of decentralized path planners based on virtual structure approach joint with discrete time optimal local controller is designed to achieve the mission’s goals. Due to digital computing of spacecraft’s onboard computer, local optimal controller based on discrete time prediction and correction algorithm has been utilized. The time step of local optimal algorithm execution is designed so that the spacecraft track their desired attitudes with appropriate error bound. The convergence of the proposed architecture and stability of local controller’s tracking error within appropriate upper bound are proved. Finally, a numerical simulation of a stereo imaging scenario is presented to verify the performance of the proposed architecture and the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

Aerodynamic design of tractor propeller for high-performance distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.     

昆虫级褶皱翼型的滑翔气动特性

为了研究褶皱翼型上、下表面分别对气动力的影响,在弦长雷诺数为1200,攻角为0°~20°时,采用有限体积法研究了褶皱翼型、光滑翼型、上表面光滑的褶皱翼型和下表面光滑的褶皱翼型的滑翔气动特性.结果表明:在一定攻角范围内,褶皱翼型的升力系数较光滑翼型提高了10%;只要翼型下表面是褶皱的,产生的升力总大于下表面是光滑的,下表面褶皱对升力的提高具有更大作用;在大攻角下,光滑的上表面更有利于提高升力;在任何攻角时,上、下表面褶皱对阻力影响很小.      

基于CFD/CSD方法的蜻蜓柔性翼气动特性分析

给出了一种基于计算流体力学/计算结构力学（CFD/CSD）的双向流固耦合方法.通过交替数字二叉树（ADT）搜索技术识别流固网格之间的宿主-受体关系.采用局部插值算法完成两套网格系统之间的数据交换,并使用Delaunay图映射方法来完成气动网格的移动.将自编的非线性结构有限元程序、接口程序与南京航空航天大学（NUAA）微型飞行器中心的流体计算程序3D2MUFS相连接,应用于蜻蜓柔性翼拍动飞行的气动计算中.计算结果表明:柔性变形使得蜻蜓翼的时均举力系数从0.31提高到0.53,时均推力系数从0.07提高到0.13,证实了柔性变形能改善扑翼的气动性能.